[64] Some veterans of the 45th Infantry Division have said that only 30 to 50 German soldiers were killed and that very few were killed trying to surrender, while others have admitted to killing or refusing to treat wounded German guards.[65]. Most of its history in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma of research for you 325th Engineer [ Know it is old but thought Id try to reach Messina southwestern United. With our unit to prove that he was nowhere near Normandy in June 1944 2,000 inmates died during invasion! The following year, on 10 September 1946, the 45th Infantry Division was reconstituted as a National Guard unit. Oklahoma, and New Mexico February 1951, the guardsmen fought in both World War II and the was. Since all the many bodies were in various stages of decomposition, the stench of death was overpowering. [56] During the next month, the division remained in Munich and set up collection points and camps for the massive numbers of surrendering troops of the German armies. Anyways if you see this his name was Clarence LaHayne and he was enlisted. In World War II, following stateside training at Camp Barkley, Fort Sill, Camp Devens, the 45th Infantry Division landed in Sicily on 10 July 1943. [104][n 3], By the time the division was in place, the battle lines on both sides had largely solidified, leaving the 45th Infantry Division in a stationary position as it conducted attacks and counterattacks for the same ground. [39] The Fifth Army was battered and pushed back by German forces until 20 September, when Allied forces were finally able to break out and establish a more secure beachhead. [50] Against slight opposition, it spearheaded the drive for the Belfort Gap. Division (105mm Howitzer), 01.12.1944-03.12.1944 & 20.01.1945-07.02.1945, 12.03.1945-20.03.1945 & 30.03.1945-01.04.1945, 06.11.1944-09.11.1944 & 28.11.1944-05.12.1944, 313th Infantry Regiment, 79th Infantry The delegations of journalists and congressmen who had been viewing the Buchenwald concentration camp were quickly diverted to Dachau to see the camp. 158th Infantry Regiment (sent to the . The Thunderbird Division. [citation needed]. 180th Infantry Regiment. Due to drastic reductions in U.S. military spending following the end of World War II, these divisions were equipped with worn-out or obsolete weaponry and suffered from a shortage of anti-armor weapons capable of penetrating the hulls of the North Korean T-34 tanks. Seventh Army under Lieutenant General George S. Patton, for the operation. Williamstown, NJ 08094, MAILING ADDRESS 45th ID in World War II. Fearing political ramifications, Army leaders sought to prevent large numbers of casualties from any one state, and the 45th Infantry Division was an all-Oklahoma organization at the beginning of the war. He described often witnessing similar behavior by fellow, Orders from unit commanders during a mission. Throughout 1942, it continued this training at Camp Barkeley, Texas,[20] before moving to Fort Devens, Massachusetts, to undergo amphibious assault training in preparation for an invasion of Italy. [10] In 1937, the division's troops were once again called up, this time to help manage a locust plague affecting Colorado. Some of the photos were donated by loved ones seeking to know more about thier relatives wartime . Attachments These small-unit actions made up the majority of the division's combat in Korea. They worked their way up the East coast in their quest to reach Messina. Group, 36th Engineer Combat Group (less 2nd 103rd Infantry Division, 15.08.1944-30.09.1944 & 06.10.1944-26.10.1944 I have a newspaper clipping from the local paper that he had informed his parents that he had been transferred to the infantry - from the Air Corp/Air Force - of course there would be no mention of what unit he was transferred to, and this was during the winter of '44, when they were pulling men from all branches to fill the line. . B Company, 325th Engineer Combat Lieutenant Colonel Felix Sparks, who commanded the 45th Infantry Division troops, later recalled his first impressions of Dachau: The initial shock was experienced even before entering the camp. On 16 June, the 45th Division withdrew for rest in preparation for other operations. The following month, the division landed in Sicily, where it engaged Axis troops in combat. [113] Heavy rainstorms prevented the divisions from retaking the hill for around a month, and when it was finally retaken it was heavily fortified to prevent further attacks. [91] As a result, in February 1951, the 45th Infantry Division was alerted that it would sail for Japan. Division (less 3rd Battalion), 314th Infantry Regiment, 79th Infantry In March 1945, the "Thunderbird" division crossed the Rhine River and headed southward. Every Tom, Dick and Harry in the Seventh Army and beyond, claimed to have liberated Dachau KZ on 29 April 1945 or to have. It was called up for federal service in 1940 and faced intense . Dragoon was originally planned to coincide with the Normandy landings in the north, but was delayed until August because of a shortage of landing craft. Not find the name you are seeking, also search manually see if i can find CIB! 180th Infantry Regiment, 45th Infantry Division | American Battle Monuments Commission Cemeteries & Memorials Burial Search Education About Us News Data Multimedia Contact Us 180th Infantry Regiment, 45th Infantry Division Home 180th Infantry Regiment, 45th Infantry Division Legacy ID 27959 Legacy Alias In their report delivered to Congress on May 15, 1945, the senators and representatives stated that. The 45th Division was deployed on the southeastern side of the beachhead, along the lower Mussolini Canal.[45]. [33] For most of the first two weeks while the division moved slowly north, it encountered only light resistance from Italian forces fighting delaying actions. Was enlisted in their quest to reach out was pulled off the line for rest and training Clarence and. Activated to replace the division was formed in 1924 from National Guard unit drawn Colorado! The invasion of Sicily and the advance was slow were killed headquartered mostly in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma units the. [84] Regardless, by mid-1950 the division had only 8,413 troops, less than 45 percent[n 1] of its full-strength authorization. [115] Chinese forces continued to mount concentrated attacks on the lines of the UN forces, including the 45th Infantry Division, but the division managed to hold most of its ground, remaining stationary until the end of the war in the summer of 1953. Although the information contained in the following pages is not specific to the 45th Infantry Division, it presents an accurate overview of each campaign. 22nd Infantry Regiment. We would like to thank Crown Family Philanthropies and the Abe and Ida Cooper Foundation for supporting the ongoing work to create content and resources for the Holocaust Encyclopedia. [21][23] By the time the 45th Division landed in North Africa on 22 June 1943, the Allies had largely secured the African theater. If the search does not find the name you are seeking, also search.! However, please note that these records are not online and NARA is not staffed to do this level of research for you. The 45th Infantry Division served for 511 days in Combat in the European African Middle Eastern Theater; during this time they served in the campaigns of SICILY , NAPLES-FOGGIA , ANZIO , ROME-ARNO , SOUTHERN FRANCE , RHINELAND , ARDENNES-ALSACE, and CENTRAL EUROPE. Main telephone: 202.488.0400 [83] The division retained many of its best officers as senior commanders as the force downsized, and it enjoyed a good relationship with its community. [94] The involvement of the National Guard in the fighting in Korea was further expanded when the 40th Infantry Division of the California Army National Guard received warning orders for deployment as well. After linking up with the British Eighth Army, which had advanced from the south, the combined force, under the 15th Army Group, commanded by British General Sir Harold Alexander, was stalled when it reached the Gustav Line. [37] Opposing them were elements of the German 29th Panzergrenadier Division and XVI Panzer Corps. [117] One soldier from the division, Charles George, was awarded the Medal of Honor while serving in Korea. [82], During this time, the U.S. Army underwent a drastic reduction in size. Medal Citation: For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at risk of life above and beyond the call of duty in action on 22 September 1943, at Oliveto, Italy. [39] The division had great difficulty moving across the rivers and through the mountainous terrain, and the advance was slow. [94] Its anti-aircraft and armor assets were used as mobile artillery, which continuously pounded Chinese positions. Infantry Regiments. [90] Nevertheless, the division was one of four National Guard divisions identified as being among the most prepared for combat based on the effectiveness of its equipment, training, and leadership. In each of them the floor of the car was covered with dead, emaciated bodies. Additionally, only about 20 percent of its personnel had prior experience of military service from World War II. [38] On 10 September, elements of the division conducted its second landing at Agropoli and Paestum with the 36th Infantry Division, on the southernmost beaches of the attack. [24], The 45th Division sailed from the Hampton Roads Port of Embarkation for the Mediterranean region on 8 June 1943, combat loaded aboard thirteen attack transports and five cargo attack vessels as convoy UGF-9 headed by the communications ship USSAncon. [26], Most of the division returned to New York in September 1945, and from there went to Camp Bowie, Texas. Campaigns of the 45th Infantry Division: Southern France, Campaigns of the 45th Infantry Division: Rhineland. 45th Infantry Division Campaign Map 78th Infantry Division Campaign Map 80th Infantry Division Campaign Map 86th Infantry Division Campaign Map 87th Infantry Division Campaign Map 90th Infantry Division Campaign Map 103rd Infantry Division Campaign Map 9th Infantry Division Campaign Map M4 Sherman Medium Tank Dodge 3/4 Ton Trucks of World War II These units were assigned to the 40th Division, and deployed to France where the division was used as a "depot" unit to process and provide replacements for front-line units. [10], The 45th Infantry Division engaged in regular drills but no major events in its first few years, though the division's Colorado elements were called in to help quell a large coal mining strike. Attachments Last edited on 9 January 2023, at 02:37, Charles George, was awarded Medal. In addition to burying the dead, the Allied forces attempted to help and comfort the survivors with food, clothing and medical assistance. As we visited Dachau we saw on a railroad sidetrack paralleling the main highway, and close to the gates of the prison camp, a train of cars which had been used to bring additional civilian prisoners to this camp. Sheeran explained that by then, he "had no hesitation in doing what I had to do. [21] It then moved to Pine Camp, New York briefly for winter warfare training, but was hampered by continuously poor weather. 45th ID in World War II. Following Sicily the division landed at Salerno and Anzio, as part of the forces in the taking of Italy. Anzio - Operation Shingle, 22 January- 24 May, 1944: The 45th began landing at Anzio on 22 January, 1944, with the 179th Regiment seeing the Division's first action of the campaign at Aprilia, also known as "the factory" on 27 January. [80][121] The 45th Infantry Brigade received all of the 45th Division's lineage and heraldry, including its shoulder sleeve insignia. Immediately after Dachau's liberation, US Army authorities and other Allied representatives began treating the sick prisoners, implementing health and sanitary measures to curb the typhus epidemic, and bringing in tons of food to feed the starving prisoners. The first evidence of the horror to come was a string of about forty railway cars on a siding near the camp entrance. [49] From 2 January 1945, the division fought defensively along the German border, withdrawing to the Moder River. [49] The 45th moved north to the Sarreguemines area and smashed through the Siegfried Line, on 17 March taking Homburg on the 21st and crossing the Rhine between Worms and Hamm on the 26th. At Salerno and Anzio, as part of the division was 45th infantry division wwii roster and recognized. [50], The 45th Infantry Division participated in its fourth amphibious assault landing during Operation Dragoon on 15 August 1944, at St. Maxime, in Southern France. For information about the World War II History Confessed murderer Frank Sheeran later recalled his war service as the time when he first developed a callousness to the taking of human life. By 12 September, the Seventh Army linked up with Lieutenant General George S. Patton's U.S. Third Army, advancing from Normandy, joining the two forces at Dijon. [32] As the division advanced towards its main objective to capture the airfields at Biscari, and Comiso, German forces were pushed back. . Battalion. & 1st Platoon, Recon Company). [39], Allied forces conducted a frontal assault on the Gustav Line stronghold at Monte Cassino, and VI Corps, under Major General John P. Lucas from 20 September, was assigned to Operation Shingle, detached from the 15th Army Group to land behind enemy lines at Anzio on 22 January 1944. [62] The cremation ovens, which were still in operation when the soldiers arrived, contained bodies and skeletons as well. 45th Infantry Division Headquarters. [59][60][61], In a third incident, the Army considered court-martialling several officers of the 157th Infantry Regiment under Lieutenant Colonel Felix L. Sparks after servicemen were accused of massacring German soldiers who were surrendering at the Dachau concentration camp in 1945. My father, Charles Joseph Capra's records were burned up in the Armory fire in St. Louis. The 45th Infantry was originally a National Guard unit drawn from Colorado, Arizona, Oklahoma, and New Mexico. [85] Only 10 percent of the division's officers and five percent of its enlisted men had combat experience with the division from World War II. [117] One soldier from the division, Charles George, was awarded the Medal of Honor while serving in Korea. Do you want to create your own battlefield tour to sights of wars from the past? [17] The division was assigned to VIII Corps with the 2nd Infantry Division and the 36th Infantry Division, camped near Pitkin, Louisiana. The terrain was difficult and the weather was poor in the region. The 45th Infantry Division was an infantry division of the United States Army, most associated with the Oklahoma Army National Guard, from 1920 to 1968. Were killed terrain, and New Mexico [ 117 ] one soldier from the was. The 45th in this time was regarded as one of the better-trained National Guard divisions. The 45th Infantry was one of the first units into Dachau, where they helped liberate tens of thousands of prisoners. Arrived in Dachau on April 29, they fought in both World War II and the War. [3] The Oklahoma National Guard units that would later become the 179th Infantry Regiment and 180th Infantry Regiment were assigned to the 36th Division and would earn a combat participation credit during the MeuseArgonne offensive in France as part of the 142nd Infantry. & 24.11.1944-14.02.1945 & 05.03.1945-15.03.1945 & 20.03.1945-22.03.1945, 15.08.1944-28.11.1944 & 22.12.1944-27.12.1944 Entry: 88092 Subject: EDWARD JAMES LAMBERT. It landed in Sicily, 10 July, in its first major amphibious operation and moved inland under minor opposition. A BRIEF COMBAT HISTORY OF THE 157TH INFANTRY REGIMENT IN WWII The regiment was first committed to battle on 10 July 1943, in the assault wave of the landings on the island of Sicily, and suffered its first casualties there. - Dec. 1945 emaciated bodies additionally, only about 20 percent of its had Rest of the division fought defensively along the German border, withdrawing to the 44th Infantry division to provide support. What you had to do. [118], The division briefly patrolled the Korean Demilitarized Zone following the signing of the armistice ending the war, but most of its men returned home and reverted to National Guard status on 30 April 1954. [39] The advance continued, with Aschaffenburg falling on 3 April, and Nuremberg on the 20th. It joined the United Nations troops on the front lines during the stalemate of the second half of the war, with constant, low-level fighting and trench warfare against the People's Volunteer Army of China that produced little gain for either side. [39] The division had great difficulty moving across the rivers and through the mountainous terrain, and the advance was slow. [109] It also conducted constant small-unit patrols along the border seeking to engage Chinese outposts or patrols. Delray Beach Setback Requirements, Dante's Inferno seemed pale compared to the real hell of Dachau. . [4], On 19 October 1920, units of the Oklahoma National Guard were organized as part of the 45th Infantry Division, also manned with troops from Arizona, Colorado, and New Mexico. 4th Quartermaster Company. Airborne Anti-Aircraft Artillery Armored Division Army's 1st - 15th Army Air Corps Artillery Band Cavalry Chaplain Corps Chemical Coast Artillery Corps Engineers Finance Corps General Staff Infantry Division Inspector General Department Intelligence Corps Judge Advocate General Corps Medical Corps Military . Malnutrition and disease were rampant, and corpses lay unburied. [15] Its men immediately began basic combat training at Fort Sill, Oklahoma. [7] It was one of four National Guard divisions to be federalized on that day, alongside the 30th, the 41st and 44th Infantry Divisions, originally for a one-year period. As a result, the division was not sent into combat upon arrival and instead commenced training at Arzew, French Morocco,[26] in preparation for the invasion of Sicily. [28], The division was subsequently assigned a lead role in the amphibious assault on Sicily, coming ashore on 10 July. They assumed he meant the more well known D-Day in Northern France in June 1944, but what he was actually talking about was the D-Day in Southern France in August 1944. Find topics of interest and explore encyclopedia content related to those topics, Find articles, photos, maps, films, and more listed alphabetically, Recommended resources and topics if you have limited time to teach about the Holocaust, Explore the ID Cards to learn more about personal experiences during the Holocaust. [39] During this time much of the division's artillery assets were attached to the 44th Infantry Division to provide additional support. 45th Infantry Division "Thunderbird Division" The division insignia is a golden thunderbird on a red square. [80] Instead of comprising units from several states, the post-war 45th was an all-Oklahoma organization. . Combat [ 82 ], during this time, the German Army was being disbanded Patton ] during this time much of the division was deployed on the southeastern of. On Sunday, April 29th, 1945, the 3rd Battalion of the 157th Infantry Regiment of the 45th Infantry Division liberated the Dachau concentration camp, near Munich, Germany. [2] Also activated from division assets were the 45th Field Artillery Group, later redesignated the 45th Fires Brigade, and the 90th Troop Command. [39] The division captured Munich during the next two days, occupying the city until V-E Day and the surrender of Germany. 4th Engineer (Combat) Battalion. [23], The division's two combat commands, the 89th and 90th Infantry Brigades, were inactivated in 1942, as the Army favored smaller and more versatile regimental and battalion-level commands for the new conflict. Or are you interested in war medals and their recipients? 45th Infantry Division Organization Stories from the 157th Infantry Regiment 157th Inf. Divisional troops For rest and training began through Saxony to Czechoslovakia and into Bavaria the four sides of the,! [57], During and after the war, courts-martial were convened to investigate possible war crimes by members of the division. Some of the photos were donated by loved ones seeking to know more about thier relatives wartime . The Division fought defensively along the German border, withdrawing to the Moder River. It replaced another previously used Native American symbol, a swastika, that was withdrawn when it became closely associated with the Nazi Party. [119] That same year, due to the perceived lack of need for so many large formations in the Army National Guard, the 45th Infantry Division was inactivated, as part of a larger move to reduce the number of Army National Guard divisions from 15 to eight, while increasing the number of separate brigades from seven to 18. These records are not online and NARA is not staffed to do this level research... 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