For the first time, it was made available for research. While not as much of a sailor as his brother, he was the public face of the Lafitte operation . Date of Death: Unknown. [17] The Lafittes gained a reputation for treating captive crew members well, and often returned captured ships to their original crew. [36], In October, a revenue officer prepared an ambush of a band of Lafitte's smugglers. [91] When Lafitte and other pirates operating in the area began attacking merchant ships carrying legal goods to Cuba, they angered Cuban officials. Superbe tableau par Jean Lafitte, au sujet d'un Clown. The legend flowered anew when FBI agents walked into the kitchen of the city's posh Plimsoll Club, collared its manager-chef, Jean Pierre Lafitte, and charged him with a $350,000 swindle. The captured schooner was not considered useful for piracy so, after unloading its cargo, the Lafittes returned the ship to its former captain and crew. Referred to as The Corsair, Lafitte went on to establish a pirate kingdom in the swamps of New Orleans, and led more than 1,000 men during the War of 1812. She was the sister of Marie Villard, the mistress of his brother, Pierre. They took 80 people captive, but Lafitte escaped safely. [30], Lafitte's continued flouting of the laws angered Governor Claiborne, who, on March 15, issued a proclamation against the Baratarian "banditti who act in contravention of the laws of the United States to the evident prejudice of the revenue of the federal government". [71] Texas was lightly populated at this time, and the base had no significant populations nearby. Pierre Lafitte had one other child, also named Pierre, from his first marriage to Marie LaGrange, who died in childbirth. The Historic New Orleans Collection, 1983.123.8. The American warship which captured him turned Lafitte over to the local authorities, who promptly released him. [85] For the first time, Lafitte was legally authorized to take Spanish ships. [11] This was the last year that Napoleon failed to regain control of Saint-Domingue. The fleet anchored off Grande Terre and the gunboats attacked. [33] Many of the city's merchants were also unhappy with this auction, because it allowed their customers to buy goods directly from Lafitte at a lower price than the merchants could charge. [25] Dorada captured a fourth ship, a schooner they renamed Petit Milan. Jean Lafitte was probably born in the early 1780s in either France or the French colony of St. Domingue (now Haiti) in the Caribbean. C'est par ici. Smugglers would purchase the slaves for a discounted price, march them to Louisiana, and turn them in to customs officials. [38] Officials tried to break up this auction by force. A hurricane in September resulted in flooding of most of the island, and several people died. The Laffites subsequently became spies for the Spanish during the Mexican War of Independence. The case went to trial in October and the government's second prosecution witness answered to the name of Jean-Pierre Lafitte but as he approached the stand he was recognised as Gus Manoletti. Over the next few months, the British Navy increased patrols in the Gulf of Mexico, and by August they had established a base at Pensacola. Within two days of Lafitte's notes, Pierre "escaped" from jail. One of Lafitte's men testified that the Baratarians had never intended to fight the US but had prepared their vessels to flee. [20] Dorada captured a fourth ship, a schooner they renamed Petit Milan. In approximately 1784, his mother married Pedro Aubry, a New Orleans merchant, keeping Jean with her. My account. [74] Lafitte's men buried some of the cargo on the island and ran the captured vessel aground, but an American patrol spotted the ship and after investigating, discovered the buried cargo. By 1805, Laffite was operating a warehouse in New Orleans to help distribute the goods smuggled by his brother Pierre Lafitte. [97][Note 3] The Gaceta de Cartagena and the Gaceta de Colombia carried obituaries that noted, "the loss of this brave naval officer is moving. Later, in return for a legal pardon for the smugglers, Lafitte and his comrades helped General Andrew Jackson defend New Orleans against the British in early 1815. Sale of the slaves and additional cargo generated $18,000 in profits. [77][Note 2], Lafitte and his men continued to take Spanish ships in the Gulf of Mexico, often returning to Galveston or the barrier islands near New Orleans to unload cargo or take on supplies arranged by Pierre. Jean Lafitte, n dans les annes 1770-1780 dans le Sud-Ouest de la France ou peut-tre Saint-Domingue, et mort vraisemblablement entre 1823 et 1827 1, est un flibustier franais qui cumait le golfe du Mexique au dbut du XIXe sicle. The government granted them all a full pardon on February 6. [53], Likely inspired by Lafitte's offer to help defend Louisiana, Governor Claiborne wrote the US Attorney General, Richard Rush requesting a pardon for the Baratarians, saying that for generations, smugglers were "esteemed honest [and] sympathy for these offenders is certainly more or less felt by many of the Louisianans". 4500+ REFERENCES IN STOCK | 4.9/5 | 4.9/5 | "[33] Three days later, 40 soldiers were sent to ambush the Baratarians and captured Lafitte, his brother Pierre, and 25 unarmed smugglers on November 16, and confiscated several thousand dollars of contraband. He was buried at sea in the Gulf of Honduras. Lafitte and several of his men rowed to meet them halfway. Radford, Victor and the Pirate: A Story of New Orleans During the War of 1812, Childcraft (Vol. [92] By the end of 1822, Cuba had banned all forms of sea raiding. By 1810 he was in Louisiana with his older brother Pierre. Jean Louis Laffite was a native of Bordeaux, France and the son of Louis Henri Laffite. The latter has become the common spelling in the United States, including for places named for him.[1]. [44], Captain Nicholas Lockyer, the commander of the Sophie, had been ordered to contact the "Commandant at Barataria". [48] Lafitte had copies of the letters sent to Jean Blanque, a member of the state legislature who had invested in the Barataria operation. On September 13, 1814, Commodore Daniel Patterson set sail aboard the USSCarolina for Barataria. Although the handbills were made in Lafitte's name, Ramsay believes "it is unlikely [the handbills] originated with him". In 1818, the Campeche colony suffered hardships. Antiquaires Magazine. Lafitte attempted to take what appeared to be two Spanish merchant vessels on the night of February 4. It's not known who her father was. En dcembre 2020, il quittera l'antenne. [7] Barataria[edit]. It was specifically intended to prohibit trade with the United Kingdom, as tensions were increasing between the two countries. Lafitte was granted a commission and given a new ship, a 40-ton schooner named General Santander. Despite Laffite warning the other Baratarians of a possible military attack on their base, a US naval force successfully invaded in September 1814 and captured most of his fleet. [17], Based in New Orleans, Pierre Lafitte served as a silent partner, looking after their interests in the city. The men working for Lafitte were called Baratarians because the waterways they used for smuggling were located in an area called Barataria (the Barataria Preserve of Jean Lafitte National Historical Park and Preserve is located in this area). Jean Lafitte (c. 1780 - c. 1823) was a French-American pirate and privateer in the Gulf of Mexico in the early 19th century. [41] Lafitte had copies of the letters sent to Jean Blanque, a member of the state legislature who had invested in the Barataria operation. While not as much of a sailor as Jean, Pierre was the public face of the Lafitte operation, and was known for his wit and charm, in addition to his handling of the sale of smuggled goods. Lafitte worked with several smugglers, including Jim Bowie, to profit from the poorly written law. Like Barataria, Galveston was a seaward island that protected a large inland bay. [23], The brothers soon acquired a third ship, La Diligente. He was accompanied by a Royal Marine infantry captain, John McWilliam,[45][46] who had been given a package to deliver to Lafitte. Please enable JavaScript in your browser's settings to use this part of Geni. [30], In October, a revenue officer prepared an ambush of a band of Lafitte's smugglers. [4][5] In the late 18th century, adult children of the French planters in Saint-Domingue often resettled along the Mississippi River in La Louisiane, especially in its largest city of New Orleans. [27] Three days later, 40 soldiers were sent to ambush the Baratarians; they captured Lafitte, his brother Pierre, and 25 unarmed smugglers on November 16, and confiscated several thousand dollars of contraband. Lafitte agreed to leave the island without a fight, and on May 7, 1821 departed on The Pride. A grand jury indicted Pierre Lafitte after hearing testimony against him by one of the city's leading merchants. [19] When Claiborne returned to office, he was relatively quiet on the subject. [1] [76] Lafitte forged letters of marque from an imaginary nation to fraudulently authorize all the ships sailing from Galveston as privateers. A number of details about Jean Lafitte's early life remain obscure and often sources contradict each other. Aside from a state historical marker out front, there's little sign this overgrown lot was once the encampment of Texas' most infamous pirate, Jean Lafitte. issued letters of marque. By 1805 he is believed to have been running a warehouse in New Orleans and possibly a store on Royal Street. In late 1815 and early 1816, the Lafitte brothers agreed to act as spies for Spain, which was embroiled in the Mexican War of Independence. "[64] Jackson named Jean and Pierre Lafitte for having "exhibited the same courage and fidelity". Over the next few months, the British Navy increased patrols in the Gulf of Mexico, and by August they had established a base at Pensacola. As a pirate he wore an eyepatch over his right eye, also a reference to his wearing a glass eye. [41] The legislature appointed a committee to study the matter but, as most of their constituents benefitted by the smuggling, they never authorized the militia. Suzanne Johnson features a living Lafitte in her urban fantasy series, Jean Laffite is a character in the historical fiction novel Ashes & Ecstasy by Catherine Hart, Published March 1st 2000 by Leisure Books (first published November 1st 1985), In the 1960s and 70s a barefoot cartoon pirate named, Lafitte: the pirate of the Gulf a book from 1836, This page was last edited on 16 February 2023, at 04:55. [35], While Pierre was jailed, Jean operated the piracy and smuggling business. [30] The US built warships to operate on the Great Lakes but in other areas supplemented its navy by offering letters of marque to privately-owned armed vessels. Sur le plateau de Canal+Sport, Jean-Louis Moncet a vu son propos tre partag par Margot Lafitte. He and his older brother Pierre spelled their last name Laffite, but English language documents of the time used "Lafitte". Within weeks, Dorada captured a schooner loaded with over $9,000 in goods. In February 1823, Lafitte was cruising off the town of Omoa, Honduras, on his schooner General Santander. Due to escalating violence from the Haitian Revolution, in early 1803 Pierre boarded a refugee ship for New Orleans. In the popular Japanese manga/anime series, Jean Laffite is a character in the historical fiction novels, Jean Lafitte is a character in the (2014) science-fiction, mystery novel, Tom Cooper uses Lafitte's and treasure in his novel. Modern Day Depiction of the Baratarian Pirate and Brother of Jean Lafitte . "[55], When General Andrew Jackson arrived in New Orleans on December 1, 1814, he discovered the city had not created any defenses. [57] He formally requested clemency for the Lafittes and the men who had served under them. [67] By early 1817, other revolutionaries had begun to congregate at Galveston, hoping to make it their base to wrest Mexico from Spanish control. During his life he acted as a soldier, sailor, diplomat, merchant, and much more, demonstrating natural gifts for leadership.[14]. After first escaping with some crew, he and his men were captured and jailed. [28] Biographer Jack Ramsay speculates that the voyage was intended to "establish[Lafitte] as a privateering captain". Jean Lafitte ( c. 1780 - c. 1823) was a French pirate and privateer who operated in the Gulf of Mexico in the early 19th century. [18] Seamen flocked to the island, working on the docks or at the warehouses until they were chosen as crew for one of the privateers.[19]. [86], Lafitte continued to patrol the shipping lanes around Cuba. [46] Likely inspired by Lafitte's offer to help defend Louisiana, Governor Claiborne wrote the US Attorney General, Richard Rush requesting a pardon for the Baratarians, saying that for generations, smugglers were "esteemed honest [and] sympathy for these offenders is certainly more or less felt by many of the Louisianans". [37], Captain Nicholas Lockyer, the commander of the Sophie, had been ordered to contact the "Commandant at Barataria". For the town named after him, see. [31] The following month, the governor offered a $500 reward for Lafitte's capture. [31], As the smuggling operations reduced the amount of revenue collected by customs offices, American authorities were determined to halt business at Barataria. His maternal grandfather, according to this account,. [20] As the schooner did not have an official commission from a national government, its captain was considered a pirate operating illegally. PIERRE GIRARDIN ? [94] For the first time, Lafitte was legally authorized to take Spanish ships. Catiche died July 2, 1858, around the age of 65. [69] With Spanish permission, Lafitte returned to Galveston, promising to make weekly reports of his activities.[70]. [21] In January 1813, they took their first prize, a Spanish hermaphrodite brig loaded with 77slaves. Lafitte for a time lived a lavish lifestyle, complete with servants and the finest housewares and other accoutrements.[78]. He has found families with the surname Lafitte in Louisiana documents dating as early as 1765. Numerous novels and stories refer to Lafitte's exploits. Lui qui disait que son esprit s'tait "intgr l'absolu et son corps dissous en lui" nous a laiss une oeuvre majeure o . [81] In late April 1822, Lafitte was captured again after taking his first American ship. He requested approval to raise a militia company to "disperse those desperate men on Lake Barataria whose piracies have rendered our shores a terror to neutral flags". Fan Wen, CC BY-SA 4.0 , via Wikimedia Commons, Creole Families of New Orleans and Louisiana, https://play.google.com/store/books/details?id=Zj-3PA6RIWMC. His men tore down the existing houses and built 200 new, sturdier structures. New Orleans issued six such letters, primarily to smugglers who worked with Lafitte at Barataria. Jean Lafitte is one of the most famous people in New Orleans history, known as a pirate, a war hero and the namesake of many New Orleans landmarks. When they had disembarked and were surrounded by his men, Lafite identified himself to them. Lafitte attempted to take what appeared to be two Spanish merchant vessels on the night of February 4. [47] According to Ramsay, Claiborne next wrote to General Andrew Jackson, "implying Patterson had destroyed a potential first line of defense for Louisiana" by his capture of Lafitte and his ships. Collectively they were known as "Number thirteen". The Baratarians invited the British officers to row to their island. The law left several loopholes, giving permission to any ship to capture a slave ship, regardless of the country of origin. He said his ships would sail as pirates. [13] When Claiborne returned to office, he was relatively quiet on the subject. Jean Lafitte spent most of his time in Barataria managing the daily hands-on business of outfitting privateers and arranging the smuggling of stolen goods. Slaves captured in such actions who were turned over to the customs office would be sold within the United States, with half the profits going to the people who turned them in. Jean Lafitte spent the majority of his time in Barataria managing the daily hands-on business of outfitting privateers and arranging the smuggling of stolen goods. Jean Lafitte proved to be a very successful business man and by day, ran a blacksmith repair shop and by night, the shop turned into a drop point for the Lafitte brothers smuggling operation. [41] He had also been told in August that American officials were planning an assault on Barataria with forces under the command of Commodore Daniel Patterson. From 1817-20, Lafitte headquartered his smuggling business on Galveston Island, which was then part of Spanish Texas. Although the handbills were made in Lafitte's name, Ramsay believes "it is unlikely [the handbills] originated with him". [35] Lafitte soon acquired a letter of marque from Cartagena, but never sent any booty there. Like Barataria, Galveston was a seaward island that protected a large inland bay. [116] Handwriting analysis experts affirmed that conclusion. Early life [ edit] Last week the exploits of a new Jean Lafitte enlivened the New Orleans scene. By others, he was born Jewish in Bordeaux, France. By 1810, the island had become a booming port. Resentful of the raid on Barataria, Lafitte's men refused to serve on their former ships. [14], Dissatisfied with their role as brokers, in October 1812 the Lafitte brothers purchased a schooner and hired a Captain Trey Cook to sail it. On January 21, Jackson issued a statement praising his troops, especially the cannoneers and "Captains Dominique and Beluche, lately commanding privateers of Barataria, with part of their former crews and many brave citizens of New Orleans, were stationed at Nos. The letters gave the ships "permission" to attack ships from all nations. [66] Aury returned to Galveston several months later, but he left in July when he realized that the men were unwilling to revolt. He and his elder brother, Pierre, spelled their last name Laffite, but English-language documents of the time used "Lafitte". If you were thoroughly acquainted with the nature of my offenses, I should appear to you much less guilty, and still worthy to discharge the duties of a good citizen. The headquarters consisted of a two-storey building facing the inland harbor, where landings were made. J Irai Cracher Sur Vos Tombes Boris Vian download. [94] Ramsay believes that over time, almost "every foot of Grande Isle has been spaded for pirate gold". "[89] No American newspaper published an obituary of him. The American warship which captured him turned Lafitte over to the local authorities, who promptly released him. Rumors abounded: he changed his name after leaving Galveston and disappeared; he was killed by his own men shortly after leaving Galveston; or, he rescued Napoleon and they both died in Louisiana. [60], On December 23, advance units of the British fleet reached the Mississippi River. He wrote Jean Laffitte: Gentleman Rover based on the journal. On November 10, 1812, United States District Attorney John R. Grymes charged Lafitte with "violation of the revenue law. Father of Marie Saulny "[45], Following the custom of the times, Patterson filed a legal claim for the profits from the confiscated ships and merchandise. On September 3, 1814, British officers appeared at Barataria and offered Jean Lafitte land in British North America, protection of his property and person, $30,000 in cash, and the rank . The brothers stripped down their original ship and used its guns to outfit the new one. "[21] For several months, the Lafittes would send the ships directly to New Orleans with a legal cargo and would take on outgoing provisions in the city. Lafitte tried to convince the Americans that they had nothing to fear from him. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Lafitte Pierre Lafitte (1770-1821) was a privateer in the Gulf of Mexico and smuggler in the early 19th century. [79] It was being developed for cotton culture, as invention of the cotton gin had made short-staple cotton profitable. (The British were allied with Spain against the French and the US.) Nouveautes Tous les objets Recherche avance. Christina died after the birth of their daughter. By some accounts, he was born in the French colony of San Domingo, which is now Haiti. 3 and 4. Brands, Lafitte "was French, Spanish or Jewish depending on who was asking.". [54] According to Ramsay, Claiborne next wrote to General Andrew Jackson, "implying Patterson had destroyed a potential first line of defense for Louisiana" by his capture of Lafitte and his ships. [70], In April 1818, the United States passed a law prohibiting the import of slaves into any port in the United States. His brother Pierre Lafitte was a blacksmith. Officials tried to break up this auction by force, and in the ensuing gunfight, one of the revenue officers was killed and two others were wounded. [13] He was educated with his brother at a military academy on Saint Kitts. These men were pardoned after testifying that they had deserted from Lafitte's ship in Galveston when they discovered that it did not have a valid privateering commission. 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