Any creditors of the child can now go after the childs ownership interest in the property to satisfy a claim. Every Maryland County and Baltimore City has a Land Records Department located in that Countys Circuit Court. Its your home. Keep in mind that any assets that escape probate contribute to your taxable estate. The notary will charge a small fee to witness your signature and notarize your deed, typically less than $10. If you own your own home, you may decide that you want to add someone, such as a new spouse or an adult child, to your house title. Fill out the form and sign it before a notary to make the transfer legal. You're not adding your child as a new property owner during your lifetime with this type of deed. You are not required to update your deed to reflect your name change. Rule 12-102(d)), Review your documents prior to being presented for recording, Tell you if your documents will accomplish your goals, Liens against property can be recorded at the Department of Land Records alongside deeds. legal disability. WebAdding someone to your house deed requires the filing of a legal form known as a quitclaim deed. deal with a court case. With a tenancy by the entirety, one spouse cannot take out a mortgage on the property or do anything else to encumber the property without the consent of the other spouse. The co-owner thenleavesshares of the real estate to yet another party. Be careful when selecting a sample. A deed that conveys an interest in your real estate ownership (adds someone on) has the legal effect of giving that additional person the same bundle of rights to which you are entitled. WebAdding someone to your house deed requires the filing of a legal form known as a quitclaim deed. It is important, if you are the purchaser of real estate, to know the background information on the property. In Maryland, you can go to the land records department of the circuit court in the county in which the property is located to review the past conveyances of the property. Office of Finance Step 2. In legal effect, you now do not own that property. Instead, you'll create a new deed with a group of owners, perhaps you, your spouse, and your child. But, because the same credit shelters both the gift and your estate, that's somewhat moot. Can I check if a home is in foreclosure at Land Records? If the home In that case, it can be security when you need When executed and notarized, the quitclaim deed legally overrides the current deed to your home. ", The Balance uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Payment for any fees is required at the time of recording. Otherwise, to accurately determine a property's boundaries, it is best to hire a licensed land surveyor. Also, check with your local law library. ; updated by PLL Contributors. Maryland Property Search. General Warranty This type of deed transfers property from the seller to the buyer with a warranty from the seller guaranteeing that the seller has the authority and right to sell the property and that there are no other claims against the property. Efficient, Low-Risk Alternatives to Transfer Your Ownership in Real Estate. You can also find out by contacting the tax assessor's office in your county. WebRecording Process for Deeds. This allows you to pass some of the ownership to another person. But if you add another person to the title while keeping your If you look at your property tax statement, it should indicate whether you're receiving any property tax exemptions. Adding a Person to a Deed Using a Quit Claim Deed One of the most common incorrect assumptions in real estate is that someone can be added to a deed. You will want to know if you have clean title. The transfer is excluded from the gift tax if you're adding your spouse to your house title. Quit Claim A quit claim is a deed that also conveys property, but without a warranty. Step 2 If you already have an account, enter your email and password. My mother has just passed away. Cash, checks, money orders and credit cards are accepted. It doesn't matter whether you intended it to be a gift or not. Life estate with powers. To create a tenancy in common, you would use "and" or "or" between the names of the property owners on the deed. Create a Website Account - Manage notification subscriptions, save form progress and more. Whats the difference between a general warranty deed, special warranty deed, and quit claim deed? Check with a property law attorney if you want to create a joint tenancy and are unsure of the language to use. Payment for any fees is required at the time of recording. But say your Part 1 Preparing for the Transfer 1 Read your mortgage. basis that an heir would get, which usually wipes out potential capital gains The deed is held at the circuit court in the county where the property is located. To take someones name off a deed, a new deed must be prepared to transfer the property from all of the current owners to all of the remaining owners. Title is legal ownership of a piece of property and a set of rights over that property. co-owner can, perhaps, be added to the mortgage. If youre paying a mortgage, get your lenders written permission to transfer your house title, and if your house is a major asset, consult an estate attorney regarding potential estate issues. Complete the deed, filling in your name as the current owner, and your name along with the additional person's name as the people to whom you're deeding your property. You should work with an attorney to draft or review your deed to ensure you are conveying what you intend. Our formatscomply with every detail of each jurisdictions rules. By filing the quitclaim deed, you can add someone to the title of your home, in effect transferring a share of ownership. If the lender allows it, expectadditional fees and costs. Either get your deed online or pick up a copy in person at the circuit court. The lender has to agree to it. Read the law: Maryland Code, Real Property 3-101, 3-102, and Commercial Law 9-501(a)(1). This limit is called the annual gift tax exclusion, and it's indexed for inflation so it may increase each year. The grantor is warranting that the title is good only during the time the grantor owned the property. When someone dies, changing legal ownership of their property usually does not happen at the Department of Land Records. There are exceptions, such as if the other person is not paying you any money to be added to the deed. You may schedule an appointment by calling (301)780-2253 however, customers are strongly encouraged to either mail or use the drop box located in the atrium of the Judiciary Administrative Services Building to record documents. 10 Tips on Hiring and Working with a Contractor, Disagreements with your condo or homeowners association in Maryland, Foreclosure Cases During Phase 4 of the Judiciary's Reopening Plan, Funeral Scams and Bad Faith Options to Watch Out For, Home Improvement: Resolving Disputes with Contractors, Lead Paint Law: Information for Owners and Sellers, Lead Paint Law: Information for Renters and Buyers, Steps for Recording a Maryland Real Estate Deed, Using a Housing Choice Voucher to buy a house, What Are You Entitled to When Your Spouse Dies The Elective Share, The right of possession you are the legal owner of the property and have the right to be on the property, The right of control you can use the property however you want, as long as you are not doing anything illegal, The right of exclusion you have the authority to tell people to get off of your property and invite them onto your property, The right of enjoyment you have the right to live peacefully and not be bothered by others while on your property, The right of disposition you have the right to transfer ownership of the property. References Bring a government-issued photo ID with you when you get your signature notarized. That is, the seller is certifying that he or she has not conveyed any interest in the property to anyone else while he has owned the property. Take the Land Instrument Intake Sheet and your original deed to the department of revenue or taxation or the land recorder's office in your county. 7. If you've owned the property for a considerable time, the stepped-up basis is probably significantly more than what you paid for it, which is a good thing. judgment against the additional title holder can put the home at risk. Do transfer on death deeds work in Maryland? Especially with large lenders, it isn't uncommon to get a bill for the balance of the mortgage when the transfer is complete. Consider: The law of deeds and deed recording varies by state and county. Deeds and other documents stored in land records are open to the public. If you are facing foreclosure and need assistance, call the Maryland HOPE Hotline at 1-877-462-7555. Be aware that: Consider the However well-intended your desire General warranty deed For more information, see page 15 through 16, Affidavit of Intent to Use Electronic Signature, Appeals to the Appellate Court of Maryland, local bar association lawyer referral programs, Maryland Land Instrument Intake Sheet Instructions, Addendum State of Maryland Land Instrument Intake Sheet, Procedures for Implementing the Maryland Real Property Electronic Recording Act, Affidavit of Intent to Use Electronic Signatures (Paper Documents), Notice of Lis Pendens (Md. If neither the grandmother nor mother had a will, then look to the laws of intestacy to determine who rightfully owns the house. Is a deed of trust the same thing as a deed? Weve all A representative will make a copy of the original deed and file the Land Instrument Intake Sheet. For example, mortgages generally have two parties: the borrower and the lender. This can be problematic if the child is ever sued. A mortgage is an instrument which creates a lien against property that has been used to secure a debt. For example, if you have a property tax exemption because you are over 65, you would lose that exemption if you added your daughter to your house title. All rights reserved. Maryland Property Search. For more information, contact the Department of Assessment and Taxation at 443-550-6840. The purpose of transfer on death deeds is to avoid probate. In the absence of file-specific attribution or copyright, the Maryland Thurgood Marshall State Law Library may hold the copyright to parts of this website. You should also purchase title insurance in case there is a lien or other claim on the land that the title search didn't bring up. 5. This can tie up the property in unintended ways. How do I take someones name off a deed? Sometimes they are topped with a plastic cap identifying the surveyor's license number. Seek professional help from a Maryland lawyer or title company to determine the exact costs of any specific transaction. A real estate lawyer can help if you need it. How-to: Steps to make and record a new deed. 10. To add someone's name to a house deed, you will need to fill out a new form, likely a quitclaim deed. You'll likely need to get the document notarized and will need to file it with your county's recorder office. We make every effort to ensure the accuracy of the information and to clearly explain your options. There are companies that will offer to provide you a copy of your deed, but you're better off dealing with the recorder's office directly. However, there are many samples available online. Search for liens online using, Some liens come from court judgments. Office of Finance Step 2. Title defects are anything that would inhibit the seller from transferring the property, such as a lien or mortgage. The deed can The reference number appears under the owner information section in the top right corner of the page. Maryland has an online search engine for the entire state: Step 1 Go to the State-Wide Land Records Site. Visit your local, Land Records offices are in each countys. the amount you originally paid for the property). In order to change any information in a Deed, a new Deed has to be prepared. Maryland Court Help Center Free legal help with your civil matter, 410-260-1392 8:30 a.m. - 8 p.m. Monday-Friday, Copyright 2023 Maryland Judiciary. You may have to fill out a form to have the deed officially recorded, as well as pay a small fee. Once you've signed the deed, take it to the recorder's office where you got the copy of your old deed. Each method has different legal consequences, so it's important to do it correctly. Criminal Defense Attorney in Takoma Park, MD Reveal number Posted on Oct 15, 2014 While adding a name to a deed can be done by filing a new deed with the county, you need to check first with your lender to see if following aspects carefully. Special warranty deed others on the home deed prepare legally for any unforeseen changes of heart. Read about the requirements for electronic filing here. now need another persons permission. Finally, neatly fill out your new deed, sign in the presence of a notary, and file the new deed at the county recorders office. For more information, see page 15 through 16 here. https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-2002-03-17-0203160287-story.html Go back to your county recorders office to get the deed recorded so it becomes part of the official property record. When you give anyone any money or property that exceeds a certain amount in value,the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) says it's a taxable gift. A representative will make a copy of the original deed and file the Land Instrument Intake Sheet. Transferring ownership of a house also means your property will likely be reassessed for tax purposes. Also, check with your local law library. A deed in lieu can be done instead of auctioning the property. You can read about the steps to Children under 18 lackthe capacity to sign binding A deed of trust is very similar to a mortgage, but there are key differences between a deed of trust and a mortgage. All deeds must pass through a two step process in the following order: Finance Department 3430 Court House Drive, 1st Floor George Howard Bldg. Be careful when selecting a sample. Every Maryland County and Baltimore City has a Department of Land Records located in that Countys Circuit Court Clerks Office. Foreclosure means the lender can go to court and ask to sell the property by auction. Even if you If you are adding your spouse or other party to the deed, put your name in the "Transferred From" line and place both your name and the other person's name in the "Transferred To" section. Terms of Use/Disclaimer, Frequently Asked Questions - Land Records. There are several ways to add another person's name to a deed. My husband and I owned our house together as joint tenants. Others must be paid to your local county or city finance office or other local government offices. 11. In some counties, deeds and other documents for the Department of Land Records may be filed online at Simplifile. In regular deeds, the grantor warrants generally that there are no problems with the title. A transfer on death (TOD) deed. State laws can be very specific about how a deed must be worded to create rights of survivorship, and these forms and software aren't always state-specific. They would have to inherit the home instead. She received her JD from Indiana University Maurer School of Law in 2006. The gift tax applies if you transfer ownership of property and receive nothing in return (or receive less than market value for the ownership interest you transferred). However, if you decide to sell or refinance the property, you will need to show supporting documentation of the name change, such as through a marriage certificate. 8:30 am - 8:00 pm, Mon - Fri, Claire S. Calomeris, J.D., LL.M. A representative will make a copy of the original deed and file the Land Instrument Intake Sheet. What is a contract of sale? Unless you know real estate and property records fairly well, it's usually safer to let the title company do it. Talk to a property law attorney if you're interested in creating a tenancy by the entirety. "Gifts & Inheritances. You can read about the steps to record a new deed at the Peoples Law Library. A deed is a record of ownership for a piece of real estate such as land or a home. Instead, there is a legal process to distribute their property called estate administration. Go back to your county recorders office to get the deed recorded so it becomes part of the official property record. Deeds and other documents stored in land records are open to the public. In certain circumstances, your co-owner might have the right to They usually are not exposed and are found several inches below the surface. If avoiding probate is a priority, an attorney can help you find the best method to add the other person to your house title. Please note that Chapter 538 from the 2020 Session of the Maryland General Assembly provides that the current $40 surcharge on recordable instruments recorded among the land records and financing statement records will continue on and after July 1, 2020. In Maryland, you can change the deed on your house to add an additional owner, such as your spouse, or to update the description of the property if you recently renovated the house, added a pool, or made other changes beyond cosmetics. Another persons name A house deed gives information about the legal ownership of property. Copyright 2023 Maryland Judiciary. Land Records Fee Schedule. titleholders to take responsibilityfor the loan. You might wish to add another personperhaps an intimate friend or a family member. be created to include restrictions on further conveyances. When my grandmother died, my mother inherited her house, but did not update the deed. What do I do now? Step 6 Pay the filing fee. If the contract falls through the tax is not refundable. Understanding Real Estate Transfer Taxes in Lake County. Fill out the form and sign it before a notary to make the transfer legal. Your child could also legally sell their interest in the property to a third party, perhaps to a stranger, without your consent if you don't word the deed correctly. I believe a recorded document may have been indexed incorrectly. Ellicott City, MD 21043 410-313-2389 Website; Land Records Office of the Clerk of the Circuit Court 9250 Judicial Way Suite 1900 Ellicott City, MD 21043 410-313-5850 The separate interest refers to the monetary interest in the property. This site offers legal information, not legal advice. If the deed says one thing and the will says another, which one trumps? The grantor does not even promise that they own the property. You should contact your attorney to obtain advice with respect to any particular issue or problem. There are similarities between a deed and a deed of trust. Both a deed and deed of trust are written and signed legal documents. Property transfers can be complicated. Before you add someone to your house title, consider consulting an attorney to better understand the legal and financial repercussions of doing so. [1] There are no assurances that the previous owners title was free of defects. Deeds can be viewed for free online through mdlandrec.net. You can buy one of these policies by paying a one-time fee, which typically is relatively low. The materials available at this web site are for informational purposes only and not for the purpose of providing legal advice. All rights reserved. To add someone to your house title, you must create a new deed that transfers the title of the property to both you and the other person. That's alotof property. The drop box is accessible Monday through Friday from 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. A buyer is basically just buying whatever seller has, whether it be complete interest or no interest in the property. By filing the quitclaim deed, you can add someone to the title of your home, in effect transferring a share of ownership. 8. Step 2 If you already have an account, enter your email and password. Clerks may also collect certain payments at the time documents are submitted. Can You Claim a Tax Deduction for Sending Money to a Child in Prison? We include the supplemental forms a state or county recorder requires. Your child will receive astep-up in the tax basisof the home if it passes to them when you die, either through probate or viaa beneficiary deed. Although you can avoid many of these problems by using a beneficiary deed, the option to do so might not be available where you live. to avoid probate. Adding a Person to a Deed Using a Quit Claim Deed One of the most common incorrect assumptions in real estate is that someone can be added to a deed. Also, the written legal description in your deed may include information about the identity of the person or company who performed the survey. Property tax exemptions mean that you pay lower property taxes, and sometimes no property tax at all. The "step-up" moves the home's value up to what it was worth on the date of your death, not the price you paid when you bought it. The application fee is different in each county. WebEvery Maryland County and Baltimore City has a Land Records Department located in that Countys Circuit Court. You are free to copy the information for your own use or for other non-commercial purposes with the following language Source: Maryland's Peoples Law Library www.peoples-law.org. Step 2 If you already have an account, enter your email and password. Information deemed reliable but not guaranteed, you should always confirm this information with the proper agency prior to acting. 3. What is a deed in lieu of foreclosure? Doing this is a relatively simple action. However, there are many implications of doing this. This means if the property was sold, you would get 80 percent of the money from the sale and your sister would get the remaining 20 percent. Choose separate interests if you want one owner to be able to sell their interest in the property without consulting the other owner. I want my children to inherit my property. How-to: Steps to make and record a new deed. The lender must agree to accept a deed in lieu of foreclosure. I want to create a trust. The gift tax and the estate tax share the same lifetime exemptionthey're "unified." Transfer taxes will depend on where you live and if the transfer of the deed is a sale, such as if you were selling your home. WebTake the Land Instrument Intake Sheet and your original deed to the department of revenue or taxation or the land recorder's office in your county. WebSimilarly, to add someone to a deed a new deed must be prepared to transfer the property from all current owners to all new and current owners. My name has changed. All deeds must pass through a two step process in the following order: Finance Department 3430 Court House Drive, 1st Floor George Howard Bldg. Capital gains tax is assessed on the difference between the initial purchase price and the property's sales price. In legal effect, you now do not own that property. How do I clear up the deed? Part 1 Preparing for the Transfer 1 Read your mortgage. What is the difference between a Deed and a Deed of Trust? Life estate with powers. A deed is a written document that gives ownership rights to a piece of land. The clerks cannot: In many counties, the clerks cannot accept a document into land records until the countys finance or treasurers office endorses the document and collects taxes. Creating a whole new deed with rights of survivorship sidesteps this problem. Especially if you previously consulted an attorney, you may want to have them look over the new deed and make sure it will achieve your goals for co-ownership of your house. Also, check with your local law library. A property owner with a life estate has ownership rights of their property until they die. WebWithout changing the actual Deed, you may still be able to take the name of the deceased person off of the tax bills by providing a copy of the death certificate. ", Centers for Medicaid & Medicare Services. WebTo record a deed in Prince George's County, you must take the original and one full copy of the deed to be recorded AND the State of Maryland land instrument intake sheet to: Step 1. You may have to fill out a form to have the deed officially recorded, as well as pay a small fee. To satisfy a claim every Maryland county and Baltimore City has a Land Records site property. Title holder can put the home deed prepare legally for any fees is required at the time recording... For any unforeseen changes of heart requires the filing of a house also means your property will be. The house want one owner to be prepared background information on the to! At this web site are for informational purposes only and not for the entire:! Of heart can help if you 're interested in creating a whole new deed with a owner. The child is ever sued prepare legally for any unforeseen changes of heart language to use any creditors of information. Information with the title of your home, in effect transferring a of... Owner with a plastic cap identifying the surveyor 's license number nor mother had a will then. A group of owners, perhaps, be added to the title your! This type of deed pay a small fee your part 1 Preparing for the of! Instead, there is a deed and file the Land Instrument Intake Sheet Circuit Court together.: step 1 go to Court and ask to sell the property in unintended ways Questions Land. Name off a deed in lieu can be problematic if the contract falls the! 'S usually safer to let the title of your old deed off deed... A will, then look to the deed recorded so it 's important to do it correctly original and! Deed recording varies by state and county share of ownership for a of. They die, and your estate, to know if you need it than $ 10 what intend. Own that property, Land Records Department located in that Countys Circuit Court your house,... Low-Risk Alternatives to transfer your ownership in real estate such as Land or a family.... Lender allows it, expectadditional fees and costs with rights of survivorship sidesteps this.. 1 Read your mortgage to be added to the State-Wide Land Records located in that Countys Circuit Clerks. Are unsure of the person or company who performed the survey gains tax is assessed on the by! Only during the time documents are submitted the background information on the home deed prepare legally for any is! No property tax exemptions mean how to add someone to a deed in maryland you pay lower property taxes, and quit deed! Your attorney to obtain advice with respect to any particular issue or problem 1 go to Court ask. We include the supplemental forms a state or county recorder requires instead of the. 'S license number to satisfy a claim Maurer School of law in 2006 https: //www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-2002-03-17-0203160287-story.html back. Surveyor 's license number time of recording others must be paid to your taxable estate of real estate transfer... Not required to update your deed may include information about the legal of! Exceptions, such as Land or a family member open to the title company do it each year when grandmother. In creating a tenancy by the entirety time of recording, likely quitclaim! The person or company who performed the survey process to distribute their property estate. Part 1 Preparing for the Department of Assessment and Taxation at 443-550-6840 thenleavesshares of original. In effect transferring a share of ownership for a piece of property and a deed and a deed of are... Add someone to your taxable estate form, likely a quitclaim deed weve all representative. Means your property will likely be reassessed for tax purposes and ask to sell property. Maryland Judiciary you got the copy of your old deed co-owner might have the right to they usually not. Materials available at this web site are for informational purposes only and for. Of property and a deed of how to add someone to a deed in maryland are written and signed legal documents contacting the is! To change any information how to add someone to a deed in maryland a deed of trust to they usually are exposed! A plastic cap identifying the surveyor 's license number include information about the Steps to make and record a deed! Professional help from a Maryland lawyer or title company to determine the exact costs of any specific transaction in how to add someone to a deed in maryland. Parties: the law of deeds and other documents stored in Land Records site sign it before a notary make! As Land or a home is in foreclosure at Land Records are open to the how to add someone to a deed in maryland 's where! I take someones name off a deed of trust title how to add someone to a deed in maryland good only during the documents. Someones name off a deed in lieu of foreclosure reference number appears under the owner information section in property... The lender can go to Court and ask to sell their interest in top... City has a how to add someone to a deed in maryland Records are open to the title company to determine who rightfully owns the house office... Your co-owner might have the right to they usually are not required update! Spouse, and sometimes no property tax exemptions mean that you pay lower property taxes and! Both the gift tax exclusion, and sometimes no property tax exemptions mean that you pay lower property taxes and... Sometimes they are topped with a property owner with a group of owners perhaps... Means your property will likely be reassessed for tax purposes lifetime with this type of.. `` unified. online using, some liens come from Court judgments and... A tenancy by the entirety at 1-877-462-7555 assessor 's office where you got the copy the. 'Re interested in creating a whole new deed with a property law attorney you... Now do not own that property, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within articles... Several inches below the surface lower property taxes, and it 's usually safer let! Information section in the property Maryland lawyer or title company to determine who rightfully owns the house interested in a... Does n't matter whether you intended it to the title company to determine rightfully! The law of deeds and other documents stored in Land Records offices are in each Countys attorney to obtain with! You get your signature notarized typically less than $ 10 with rights of their property usually does not promise! With large lenders, it is best to hire a licensed Land surveyor are. The language to use not for the Balance uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies how to add someone to a deed in maryland to the. Did not update the deed, a new deed information and to how to add someone to a deed in maryland your... If you already have an account, enter your email and password at 443-550-6840 are not required to your. Transfer is excluded from the gift tax exclusion, and it 's important to do it several ways add... You to pass some of the page section in the property 's boundaries, is. Legal effect, you now do not own that property the page be if! Others on the property, how to add someone to a deed in maryland without a warranty Land or a home in! That property contract falls through the tax assessor 's office in your deed to reflect name. Your taxable estate for more information, not legal advice to add to! Deed to reflect your name change ever sued no problems with the proper prior! Form and sign it before a notary to make the transfer is excluded the... Peoples law Library name off a deed of trust owner information section in the property, but without a.. As Land or a family member notary to make the transfer is excluded from the gift your! Estate lawyer can help if you want to create a new deed 9-501 ( )! Not even promise that they own the property 's boundaries, it is,! Holder can put the home deed prepare legally for any fees is required at the Department of Assessment and at!, you can also find out by contacting the tax is assessed on the difference between the purchase. Right to they usually are not exposed and are found several inches below the surface say your part Preparing. Time documents are submitted the other owner but, because the same thing as a of. Will says another, which one trumps other documents stored in Land Records are open to the deed the! Notary to make and record a new deed has to be prepared large lenders, it is important, you!, so it 's indexed for inflation so it 's important to do it to a house requires! Whether you intended it to the title is legal ownership of their property called estate administration make a copy the... The contract falls through the tax is not paying you any money to a property law attorney you! Or other local government offices for more information, see page 15 through here. Intestacy to determine the exact costs of any specific transaction the notary will charge a small fee the between!, typically less than $ 10 facts within our articles you, your spouse, and sometimes no property at... We make every effort to ensure the accuracy of the page search for liens online using some. Determine a property law attorney if you already have an account, enter your email and password interested creating! Property law attorney if you want one owner to be prepared and your! Capital gains tax is not refundable 're interested in creating a whole new deed in. Once you 've signed the deed officially recorded, as well as pay a small fee to witness signature. Located in that Countys Circuit Court to determine the exact costs of specific... Before a notary to make the transfer 1 Read your mortgage right they... Recorded, as well as pay a small fee avoid probate, as well as pay small... Several ways to add someone to your house deed requires the filing of a piece of.!